Stale Data
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Copies of data can be in
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data cache
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main memory
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disk (virtual memory)
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Stale data occurs when these copies are not consistent.
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Two problems with stale data:
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CPU may not read the most recently input data since the cache
may not be updated after an I/O input operation.
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An I/O operation may not output the correct data because memory
is not up-to-date.
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